Facts about Arctic Cottongrass (Eriophorum callitrix)

Eriophorum callitrix var. moravium Raymond:
United States (North America)

Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103

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Eriophorum callitrix Cham.:
Canada (North America)
Greenland (North America)
United States (North America)

Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103
Böcher, T. W., K. Holmen & K. Jacobsen. 1968. Fl. Greenland (ed. 2) 312 pp. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1507
Tolmatchev, A. I. 1966. Cyperaceae. Arktic. Fl. SSSR 3: 1–176. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/10154
Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1327

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National Distribution

Canada

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

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National Distribution

Canada

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

Source: NatureServe

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Morphology

Comments

Two varieties, Eriophorum callitrix var. moravium Raymond and E. callitrix var. pallidus Hultén, have been described based on the pale brown or yellow scales. They are of very local distribution and could be of hybrid origin.

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Description

Plants cespitose. Culms 5–20(–50) cm, smooth or rough distally. Leaves: cauline leaves 0–1, distal leaf usually proximal to mid culm, bladeless or with short blade; blade forming angle with sheath, filiform or trigonous-channeled, 0.4–1.2 mm wide. Inflorescences: involucral bracts absent or present as short blade on distal leaf. Spikelets solitary, erect, globose in fruit, 10–20 mm in flower, 15–30 mm in fruit; scales pale blackish brown, margins and tip hyaline, ovate-lanceolate, thin; proximal empty scales mostly 10–15, appressed to ascending, ovate, 5–8 mm, ribs ± to margins, midrib not reaching tip, apex acute. Flowers: perianth bristles white to very pale brown; anthers 0.6–1.2 mm. Achenes ellipsoid-obovoid, 1.8–2.1 mm. 2n = 60.

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Diagnostic Description

The combination of the solitary spikelet and the tufted, non-rhizomatous habit separate this species from all other Eriophorum in our area.

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Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Fruiting summer. Tundra, calcareous bogs, wet places; 0–2600 m; Greenland; Alta., B.C., Man., Nfld. and Labr., N.W.T., Nunavut, Ont., Que., Sask., Yukon; Alaska, Mont., Wyo.; Eurasia.

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Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Eriophorum callitrix

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Species: 21
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

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NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: TNR - Not Yet Ranked

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National NatureServe Conservation Status

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

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NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

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Eriophorum callitrix

Eriophorum callitrix, commonly known as Arctic cotton, Arctic cottongrass, or suputi in Inuktitut, is an Arctic plant in the Cyperaceae family. This plant is food for migrating snow geese and caribou. The Inuit used the seed heads as wicks in oil lamps. Clumps were stuffed into babies' pants and then tossed when soiled.

This Cyperaceae article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.

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