Overview

Distribution

Bothriochloa alta (Hitchc.) Henrard:
Argentina (South America)
Bolivia (South America)
Brazil (South America)
Ecuador (South America)
El Salvador (Mesoamerica)
Guatemala (Mesoamerica)
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
Peru (South America)
United States (North America)
  • SPECIMEN BASED RECORD. Published protolog data.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9990002 External link.
  • Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103 External link.
  • Berendsohn, W. G. & A. E. A. González. 1991. Listado básico de la Flora Salvadorensis. Monocotelydoneae: Iridaceae, Commelinaceae, Gramineae, Cyperaceae. Cuscatlania 1(6): 1–29.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/34024 External link.
  • Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1024044 External link.
  • Herrera Arrieta, Y. & A. Cortés Ortiz. 2010. Listado florístico y aspectos ecológicos de la familia Poaceae para Chihuahua, Durango y Zacatecas, México. J. Bot. Res. Inst. Texas 4(2): 711–738.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/100002652 External link.
  • Tovar, Ó. 1986. Nuevos registros de gramíneas para el Perú. Revista Ci. U.N.M.S.M. 74: 48–57.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/22610 External link.
  • Espejo Serna, A., A. R. López-Ferrari & J. Valdés-Reyna. 2000. Poaceae. Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst. 10: 7–236 [and index].   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1015183 External link.
  • Beetle, A. A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/2538 External link.
  • McVaugh, R. 1983. Gramineae. 14: 1–436. In R. McVaugh Fl. Novo-Galiciana. The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9853 External link.
  • Beetle, A. A. 1987. Gram. México 2: 1–344. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/26011 External link.
  • Jørgensen, P. M. & S. León-Yánez. (eds.) 1999. Catalogue of the vascular plants of Ecuador. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 75: i–viii, 1–1181.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/42250 External link.
  • Breedlove, D. E. 1986. Flora de Chiapas. Listados Floríst. México 4: i–v, 1–246.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/513 External link.
  • Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1493 External link.
  • Davidse, G., M. Sousa Sánchez & A. O. Chater. (eds.) 1994. Alismataceae a Cyperaceae. Fl. Mesoamer. 6: i–xvi, 1–543.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/8200 External link.
  • Zuloaga, F. O., E. G. Nicora, Z. E. R. Agrasar, O. Morrone, J. Pensiero & A. M. Cialdella. 1994. Catálogo de la familia Poaceae en la República Argentina. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 47: i–xi, 1–178.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/43109 External link.
  • Barkworth, M. E., K. M. Capels, S. Long & M. B. Piep. 2003. Magnoliophyta: Commelinidae (in part): Poaceae, part 2. 25: i–xxv, 1–783. In Fl. N. Amer. Oxford University Press, New York.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1021466 External link.
  • Burkart, A. & M. Toursarkissian. 1969. Andropogoneae. In A. Burkart, Gramineas. 2: 447–508. In A. Burkart Fl. Il. Entre Ríos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/19884 External link.
  • Gould, F. W. 1967. The grass genus Andropogon in the United States. Brittonia 19(1): 68–73.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/21603 External link.
  • Filgueiras, T. S. 2003. Bothriochloa. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): III. Subfamilies Panicoideae, Aristidoideae, Arundinoideae, and Danthonioideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 46: 135–141.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1004261 External link.
  • Vega, A. S. 2000. Revisión taxonómica de las especies americanas del género Bothriochloa (Poaceae: Panicoideae: Andropogoneae). Darwiniana 38(1–2): 127–186.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1014220 External link.
  • Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl. 1994. 156. Bothriochloa Kuntze. Fl. Mesoamer. 6: 384–386.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1006700 External link.
  • Nicora, E. G. 1970. Cortaderia, etc. In: A. L. Cabrera (ed.), Gramíneas. 4(2): 47–50, 53–60, 128–136, 198–211, 320–323, 433–460, 585–588, 594–602. In A. L. Cabrera Fl. Prov. Buenos Aires. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/20507 External link.
  • Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. (eds.) 1993. Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45: i–xl, 1–1286.   http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/7728 External link.
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Andropogon altus Hitchc.:
Argentina (South America)
Bolivia (South America)
El Salvador (Mesoamerica)
Guatemala (Mesoamerica)
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
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National Distribution

United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

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Physical Description

Morphology

Physical Description

Perennials, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem nodes bearded or hairy, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems with inflorescence 1-2 m tall, Stems with inflorescence 2-6 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly cauline, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smooth, glabrous, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Leaf blades glaucous, blue-green, or grey, or with white glands, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence with 2 or more spi kes, fascicles, glomerules, heads, or clusters per culm, Inflorescence a panicle with narrowly racemose or spicate branches, Inflorescence branches more than 10 to numerous, Peduncle or rachis scabrous or pubescent, often with long hairs, Rachis dilated, flat, central axis to which spikelets are attached, Rachis grooved, Rachis or rachillae sparsely to densely villous, with stiff yellow or red hairs, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets pedicellate, Spikelets dorsally compressed or terete, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 1 fertile floret, Spikelets with 2 florets, Spikelets paired at rachis nodes, Spikelets in paired units, 1 sessile, 1 pedicellate, Pedicellate spikelet rudimentary or absent, usually sterile, Spikelets bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating below the glumes, Spikelets disarticulating beneath or between the florets, Spikelets falling with parts of disarticulating rachis or pedicel, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes equal or subequal, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longer than spikelet, Glume surface hairy, villous or pilose, Glume with circular pits, Glumes 3 nerved, Lemmas thin, chartaceous, hyaline, cartilaginous, or membranous, Lemma 1 nerved, Lemma glabrous, Lemma apex acute or acuminate, Lemma distinctly awned, more than 2-3 mm, Lemma with 1 awn, Lemma awn 2-4 cm long or longer, Lemma awned from tip, Lemma awn twisted, spirally coiled at base, like a corkscrew, Lemma awn once geniculate, bent once, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma straight, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis.
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Dr. David Bogler

Source: USDA NRCS PLANTS Database

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Type Information

Holotype for Andropogon altus Hitchc.
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Card file verified by examination of alleged type specimen
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): A. S. Hitchcock
Year Collected: 1910
Locality: Querétaro., Queretaro, Mexico, North America
  • Holotype: Hitchcock, A. S. 1913. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 17: 208.
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Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

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NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: G5 - Secure

Reasons: GRANK from Jackie Poole (Oct 1992) based on habitat and distribution.

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