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Overview
Distribution
Phalaris minor Retz.:
Austria (Europe)
Afghanistan (Asia)
Algeria (Africa & Madagascar)
Angola (Africa & Madagascar)
Argentina (South America)
Canada (North America)
Chile (South America)
Australia (Oceania)
Azores (Africa & Madagascar)
Brazil (South America)
Colombia (South America)
Baleares (Europe)
Bahrain (Asia)
Bhutan (Asia)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
Egypt (Africa & Madagascar)
Germany (Europe)
France (Europe)
Greece (Europe)
India (Asia)
Madeira (Africa & Madagascar)
Iraq (Asia)
Iran (Asia)
Italy (Europe)
Cyprus (Asia)
Ethiopia (Africa & Madagascar)
Jordan (Asia)
Kenya (Africa & Madagascar)
Kuwait (Asia)
Libya (Africa & Madagascar)
Israel (Asia)
Peru (South America)
South Africa (Africa & Madagascar)
United States (North America)
Portugal (Europe)
Canary Islands (Africa & Madagascar)
Saudi Arabia (Asia)
Spain (Europe)
Tunisia (Africa & Madagascar)
Turkey (Asia)
United Kingdom (Europe)
Uruguay (South America)
Pakistan (Asia)
New Zealand (Oceania)
Zimbabwe (Africa & Madagascar)
Yugoslavia (Europe)
St. Helena (Africa & Madagascar)
Qatar (Asia)
Malta (Europe)
Morocco (Africa & Madagascar)
Netherlands (Europe)
Nepal (Asia)
Corsica (Europe)
China (Asia)
Bolivia (South America)
Austria (Europe)
Afghanistan (Asia)
Algeria (Africa & Madagascar)
Angola (Africa & Madagascar)
Argentina (South America)
Canada (North America)
Chile (South America)
Australia (Oceania)
Azores (Africa & Madagascar)
Brazil (South America)
Colombia (South America)
Baleares (Europe)
Bahrain (Asia)
Bhutan (Asia)
Mexico (Mesoamerica)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
Egypt (Africa & Madagascar)
Germany (Europe)
France (Europe)
Greece (Europe)
India (Asia)
Madeira (Africa & Madagascar)
Iraq (Asia)
Iran (Asia)
Italy (Europe)
Cyprus (Asia)
Ethiopia (Africa & Madagascar)
Jordan (Asia)
Kenya (Africa & Madagascar)
Kuwait (Asia)
Libya (Africa & Madagascar)
Israel (Asia)
Peru (South America)
South Africa (Africa & Madagascar)
United States (North America)
Portugal (Europe)
Canary Islands (Africa & Madagascar)
Saudi Arabia (Asia)
Spain (Europe)
Tunisia (Africa & Madagascar)
Turkey (Asia)
United Kingdom (Europe)
Uruguay (South America)
Pakistan (Asia)
New Zealand (Oceania)
Zimbabwe (Africa & Madagascar)
Yugoslavia (Europe)
St. Helena (Africa & Madagascar)
Qatar (Asia)
Malta (Europe)
Morocco (Africa & Madagascar)
Netherlands (Europe)
Nepal (Asia)
Corsica (Europe)
China (Asia)
Bolivia (South America)
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Marticorena, C. & M. Quezada. 1985. Catálogo de la Flora Vascular de Chile. Gayana, Bot. 42: 1–157.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1592
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Soreng, R. J., G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, E. J. Judziewicz, T. S. Filgueiras & O. Morrone. 2003 and onwards. On-line taxonomic novelties and updates, distributional additions and corrections, and editorial changes since the four published volumes of the Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae) published in Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. vols. 39, 41, 46, and 48. http://www.tropicos.org/Project/CNWG:. In R. J. Soreng, G. Davidse, P. M. Peterson, F. O. Zuloaga, T. S. Filgueiras, E. J. Judziewicz & O. Morrone Internet Cat. New World Grasses. Missouri Botanical Garden, St. Louis.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1024044
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Tovar, Ó. 1993. Las Gramíneas (Poaceae) del Perú. Ruizia 13: 1–480.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1000236
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Espejo Serna, A., A. R. López-Ferrari & J. Valdés-Reyna. 2000. Poaceae. Monocot. Mexic. Sinopsis Floríst. 10: 7–236 [and index].
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1015183
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Beetle, A. A. 1977. Noteworthy grasses from Mexico V. Phytologia 37(4): 317–407.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/2538
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Hitchcock, A. S. 1927. The grasses of Ecuador, Peru, and Bolivia. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 24(8): 291–556.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/16241
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Macbride, J. F. 1936. Gramineae, Flora of Peru. Publ. Field Mus. Nat. Hist., Bot. Ser. 13(1/1): 96–261.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/719
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Gould, F. W. & R. Moran. 1981. The grasses of Baja California, Mexico. Mem. San Diego Soc. Nat. Hist. 12: 1–140.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/11232
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Edgar, E., M. A. O'Brien & H. E. Connor. 1991. Checklist of pooid grasses naturalised in New Zealand. 1. Tribes Nardeae, Stipeae, Hainardieae, Meliceae, and Aveneae. New Zealand J. Bot. 29: 101–116.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/44386
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Beetle, A. A. 1999. Gram. México 5: 1–466. Secretaria de Agricultura y Recursos Hidraulícos: COTECOCA, México.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1019700
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Gibbs Russell, G. E., W. G. Welman, E. Reitief, K. L. Immelman, G. Germishuizen, B. J. Pienaar, M. v. Wyk & A. Nicholas. 1987. List of species of southern African plants. Mem. Bot. Surv. S. Africa 2(1–2): 1–152(pt. 1), 1–270(pt. 2).
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1371
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Munz, P. A. & D. D. Keck. 1959. Cal. Fl. 1–1681. University of California Press, Berkeley.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1717
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Munz, P. A. 1974. Fl. S. Calif. 1–1086. University of California Press, Berkeley.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1719
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Gleason, H. A. & A. Cronquist. 1968. The Pteridophytoa, Gymnospermae and Monocotyledoneae. 1: 1–482. In H. A. Gleason Ill. Fl. N. U.S. (ed. 3). New York Botanical Garden, New York.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1495
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Flora of China Editorial Committee. 2006. Fl. China 22: 1–733. Science Press & Missouri Botanical Garden Press, Beijing & St. Louis.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1029690
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Pohl, R. W. 1980. Family 15. Gramineae. In: W. C. Burger, (ed.), Flora Costaricensis. Fieldiana, Bot., n.s. 4: 1–608.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/5421
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Renvoize, S. A. 1998. Gram. Bolivia i–xxx, 1–644. The Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1007278
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Sharp, D. & B. K. Simon. 2002. AusGrass: Grasses of Australia. CD-ROM, Version 1.0. CD–ROM.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1026312
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Bor, N. L. 1960. Grass. Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan i–xviii, 1–767. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/21037
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Phillips, S. 1995. Poaceae (Gramineae). Fl. Ethiopia 7: i–xx, 1–420.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1010988
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Smith, L. B., D. C. Wasshausen & R. M. Klein. 1982. Gramíneas. Gêneros: 45. Deschampsia até 84. Pseudechinolaena. 1(GRAM): 443–906. In R. Reitz Fl. Il. Catarin. Herbário "Barbarosa Rodrigues", Itajaí, Brasil.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/20675
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Rosengurtt, B., B. R. A. Maffei & P. I. Artucio. 1970. Gram. Urug. [i–vii], 1–489. Universidad de la República, Montevideo.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/19689
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Burkart, A. 1969. Gramíneas. 2: 1–551. In A. Burkart Fl. Il. Entre Ríos. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/19863
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Covas, G. 1970. Hordeum, Phalaris. In: A. L. Cabrera (ed.), Gramíneas. 4(2): 175–189. In A. L. Cabrera Fl. Prov. Buenos Aires. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria, Buenos Aires.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/20508
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Baldini, R. M. 1995. Revision of the genus Phalaris L. (Gramineae). Webbia 49(2): 265–329.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1004089
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Soreng, R. J. 2003. Phalaris. In Catalogue of New World Grasses (Poaceae): IV. Subfamily Pooideae. Contr. U.S. Natl. Herb. 48: 479–488.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1003620
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Anderson, D. E. 1961. Taxonomy and distribution of the genus Phalaris. Iowa State Coll. J. Sci. 36(1): 1–96.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/9811
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Davidse, G. & R. W. Pohl. 1994. 45. Phalaris L. Fl. Mesoamer. 6: 236–237.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1003110
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Brako, L. & J. L. Zarucchi. (eds.) 1993. Catalogue of the Flowering Plants and Gymnosperms of Peru. Monogr. Syst. Bot. Missouri Bot. Gard. 45: i–xl, 1–1286.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/7728
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Bor, N. L. 1960. Grass. Burma, Ceylon, India & Pakistan i–xviii, 1–767. Pergamon Press, Oxford.
http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/21037
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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National Distribution
Canada
Origin: Exotic
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Unknown/Undetermined
Confidence: Confident
United States
Origin: Exotic
Regularity: Regularly occurring
Currently: Unknown/Undetermined
Confidence: Confident
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Distribution
Distribution: Pakistan (Baluchistan, Punjab, N.W.F.P. & Kashmir); throughout the world, but apparently native only in the Mediterranean region and eastwards to Baluchistan and the Northwest Himalayas.
- Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Physical Description
Morphology
Physical Description
Annuals, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems geniculate, decumbent, or lax, sometimes rooting at nodes, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cr oss section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly cauline, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smooth, glabrous, Leaf sheath and blade differentiated, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades 1-2 cm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence a dense slender spike-like panicle or raceme, branches contracted, Inflorescence solitary, with 1 spike, fascicle, glomerule, head, or cluster per stem or culm, Inflorescence densely corymbose, paniculate, or capitate, rays reduced or absent, Inflorescence spike ovoid, lanceolate, or oblong, not more than twice as long as wide, Inflorescence single raceme, fascicle or spike, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets pedicellate, Spikelets laterally compressed, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 3-7 florets, Spikelet with 1 fertile floret and 1-2 sterile florets, Spikelets solitary at rachis nodes, Spikelets all alike and fertille, Spikelets bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating above the glumes, glumes persistent, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes equal or subequal, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longer than spikelet, Glumes keeled or winged, Glumes 1 nerved, Glumes 3 nerved, Lemma coriaceous, firmer or thicker in texture than the glumes, Lemma becoming indurate, enclosing palea and caryopsis, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma body or surface hairy, Lemma apex acute or acuminate, Lemma awnless, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma straight, Palea present, well developed, Palea about equal to lemma, Palea longer than lemma, Palea 2 nerved or 2 keeled, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryop sis, Caryopsis ellipsoid, longitudinally grooved, hilum long-linear.
Dr. David Bogler
Source:
USDA NRCS PLANTS Database
Trusted
Description
Annual. Culms 20-100 cm high. Panicle 1-6 cm long, 1-2 cm wide, ovate-oblong. Glumes 4-6.5 mm long, ± equal, broadly winged, the wing margin usually erose-denticulate, occasionally entire; sterile floret, 1,1-1.8 mm long or very short and only 0.2-0.3 mm long, glabrous; fertile floret broadly lanceolate-ovate, 2.7-4 mm long, grey-brown and shiny at maturity, pubescent.
- Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Comments
Lesser Canary Grass is considered a useful forage grass for sheep and cattle in Iraq (Bor) but Duthie reports that it is of little value in India. It is a weed of roadsides and waste places, no doubt native in Pakistan.
- Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Comments
This annual weed, native in the Mediterranean region, is now widely distributed in many parts of the world. It was introduced to China accidentally in wheat seed imported from Mexico about 1974 and is becoming naturalized in parts of Yunnan.
- Flora of China @ eFloras.org
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Description
Annual, tufted. Culms 20–100 cm tall. Uppermost leaf sheaths not inflated; leaf blades 3–9 mm wide; ligule 4–6 mm. Panicle dense, ovate to oblong, 1–6 cm. Spikelets elliptic, 4.5–5.5 mm; glumes winged on upper part of keel, wing margin erose-denticulate; sterile lemma 1, ca. 1 mm, appressed-pilose; fertile lemma lanceolate-ovate, 2.7–4 mm, pubescent, becoming cartilaginous and shiny. Anthers 1.5–1.8 mm. 2n = 28.
- Flora of China @ eFloras.org
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Ecology
Habitat
Habitat & Distribution
Wheat fields, introduced. Yunnan [Bhutan, N India, Pakistan; N Africa, SW Asia, S Europe].
- Flora of China @ eFloras.org
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Life History and Behavior
Cyclicity
Flower/Fruit
Fl. & Fr. Per.: March-May.
- Flora of Pakistan @ eFloras.org
© Missouri Botanical Garden, 4344 Shaw Boulevard, St. Louis, MO, 63110 USA
Source:
Missouri Botanical Garden
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Barcode
Locations of barcode samples
Collection Sites: world map showing specimen collection locations for Phalaris minor 
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Statistics of barcoding coverage
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
| Specimen Records: | 4 |
| Specimens with Sequences: | 1 |
| Specimens with Barcodes: | 1 |
| Public Records: | 0 |
| Species: | 1 |
| Species With Barcodes: | 1 |
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Molecular Biology
Statistics of barcoding coverage: Phalaris minor
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 0
Species: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 0
Species: 1
Species With Barcodes: 1
© Barcode of Life Data Systems
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Conservation
Conservation Status
NatureServe Conservation Status
Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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National NatureServe Conservation Status
Canada
Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable
United States
Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable
© NatureServe
Source:
NatureServe
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Wikipedia
Phalaris minor
Phalaris minor is a species of grass native to northern Africa, Europe and Asia, and widely naturalised elsewhere.
Common names include little seed canary grass, small-seeded canary grass, small canary grass[1] and lesser canary grass.[2]
Contents |
Description
It grows as a tufted annual bunchgrass up to 1.8 metres in height, with a spike-like panicle.[2] Common Name Is Guli Danda
Taxonomy
It has had an uneventful taxonomic history. It was first published under its current name by Anders Jahan Retzius in 1783, and has retained that name since. It has no synonyms, and no infraspecific taxa.[3]
Distribution and habitat
It is native to northern Africa, Europe and Asia; and widely naturalised elsewhere.[4]
Uses and economic importance
It is used as a fodder or forage for livestock and birdseed, but is poisonous to some mammals, and is a potential contaminant of seed crops.[4]
References
- ^ "Sorting Phalaris names". Multilingual Multiscript Plant Name Database. http://www.plantnames.unimelb.edu.au/Sorting/Phalaris.html#minor. Retrieved 2009-01-08.
- ^ a b New South Wales Flora Online: Phalaris minor by Retz., Royal Botanic Gardens & Domain Trust, Sydney, Australia
- ^ "Phalaris minor Retz.". Australian Plant Name Index (APNI), IBIS database. Centre for Plant Biodiversity Research, Australian Government. http://www.anbg.gov.au/cgi-bin/apni?taxon_id=11971.
- ^ a b "Phalaris minor Retz.". Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN) online database. http://www.ars-grin.gov/cgi-bin/npgs/html/taxon.pl?27523.
Source:
Wikipedia
Unreviewed
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