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Overview

Distribution

Agrostis tenuis Sibth.:
Argentina (South America)
Brazil (South America)
Canada (North America)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
Greenland (North America)
India (Asia)
United States (North America)
Venezuela (South America)
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Agrostis capillaris L.:
Argentina (South America)
Australia (Oceania)
Brazil (South America)
Canada (North America)
Chile (South America)
Costa Rica (Mesoamerica)
Greenland (North America)
Honduras (Mesoamerica)
New Zealand (Oceania)
United States (North America)
Afghanistan (Asia)
China (Asia)
Russian Federation (Asia)
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Agrostis capillaris var. capillaris :
Australia (Oceania)
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Agrostis tenuis var. tenuis :
Argentina (South America)
Canada (North America)
United States (North America)
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Agrostis vulgaris var. pumila Bab.:
United Kingdom (Europe)
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Agrostis vulgaris var. montana Schleich.:
Switzerland (Europe)
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Agrostis vulgaris var. humilis Asch. & Graebn.:
Switzerland (Europe)
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Agrostis vulgaris var. canina B. Mercieri:
Switzerland (Europe)
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Agrostis vulgaris var. aristata St.-Lag.:
France (Europe)
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Agrostis vulgaris var. aristata Reut.:
Switzerland (Europe)
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Agrostis tenuis var. pumila (L.) Druce:
Canada (North America)
United States (North America)
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Agrostis tenuis fo. contracta Jansen & Wacht.:
Netherlands (Europe)
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Agrostis tenuis fo. aristata Tausch. ex Jansen & Wachter:
Netherlands (Europe)
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Agrostis tenuis var. aristata (Parnell) Druce:
Argentina (South America)
United States (North America)
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Agrostis sylvatica Host:
Austria (Europe)
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Agrostis sylvatica L. ex Georgi:
Russian Federation (Asia)
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Agrostis retroflexa Balb. ex Colla:
Italy (Europe)
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Agrostis navarroi Sennen:
Spain (Europe)
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Agrostis laxa Gray:
United Kingdom (Europe)
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Agrostis hispida Hegetschw. & Heer:
Switzerland (Europe)
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Agrostis exilis Loisel.:
France (Europe)
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Agrostis claudii Sennen:
Spain (Europe)
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Agrostis capillaris var. aristata (Parnell) Druce:
Australia (Oceania)
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Agrostis capillaris Pourr. ex Nyman:
France (Europe)
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Agrostis capillaris Boiss. & Lange ex Andersson:
Italy (Europe)
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Agrestis polymorpha (Huds.) Bubani:
Spain (Europe)
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National Distribution

Canada

Origin: Exotic

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

United States

Origin: Exotic

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

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Physical Description

Morphology

Physical Description

Perennials, Terrestrial, not aquatic, Rhizomes present, Rhizome elongate, creeping, stems distant, Stolons or runners present, Stems nodes swollen or brittle, Stems erect or ascending, Stems geniculate, decumbent, or lax, sometimes rooting at nodes, Stems caespitose, tufted, or clustered, Stems terete, round in cross section, or polygonal, Stem internodes hollow, Stems with inflorescence less than 1 m tall, Stems, culms, or scapes exceeding basal leaves, Leaves mostly basal, below middle of stem, Leaves conspicuously 2-ranked, distichous, Leaves sheathing at base, Leaf sheath mostly open, or loose, Leaf sheath smooth, glabrous, Leaf sheath and blade differentia ted, Leaf blades linear, Leaf blades 2-10 mm wide, Leaf blades mostly flat, Leaf blade margins folded, involute, or conduplicate, Leaf blades mostly glabrous, Ligule present, Ligule an unfringed eciliate membrane, Inflorescence terminal, Inflorescence an open panicle, openly paniculate, branches spreading, Inflorescence solitary, with 1 spike, fascicle, glomerule, head, or cluster per stem or culm, Inflorescence branches more than 10 to numerous, Lower panicle branches whorled, Flowers bisexual, Spikelets laterally compressed, Spikelet less than 3 mm wide, Spikelets with 1 fertile floret, Spikelets solitary at rachis nodes, Spikelets all alike and fertille, Spikelets bisexual, Spikelets disarticulating above the glumes, glumes persistent, Spikelets disarticulating beneath or between the florets, Rachilla or pedicel glabrous, Glumes present, empty bracts, Glumes 2 clearly present, Glumes equal or subequal, Glumes equal to or longer than adjacent lemma, Glume equal to or longe r than spikelet, Glumes 1 nerved, Lemmas thin, chartaceous, hyaline, cartilaginous, or membranous, Lemma 3 nerved, Lemma 5-7 nerved, Lemma glabrous, Lemma apex truncate, rounded, or obtuse, Lemma awnless, Lemma margins thin, lying flat, Lemma straight, Palea present, well developed, Palea membranous, hyaline, Palea shorter than lemma, Palea 2 nerved or 2 keeled, Stamens 3, Styles 2-fid, deeply 2-branched, Stigmas 2, Fruit - caryopsis, Caryopsis ellipsoid, longitudinally grooved, hilum long-linear.
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Dr. David Bogler

Source: USDA NRCS PLANTS Database

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Description

Perennial, rhizomatous; rhizomes scaly, short. Culms tufted, geniculate or decumbent and rooting at base, 20–70 cm tall. Leaf sheaths smooth; leaf blades linear, flat or inrolled, 2–15 cm × 1–4 mm, scabrous or nearly smooth, apex acuminate; ligule on non-flowering shoots 1–2 mm, shorter than wide, truncate. Panicle elliptic in outline, up to 20 cm, open, very lax; branches 2–5 per node, spreading, capillary, 1.5–3.5 cm, slightly flexuous, smooth or almost so, bare in lower half, spikelets well spaced. Spikelets 1.5–2.5 mm, purplish brown; glumes elliptic-lanceolate, subequal or lower glume slightly longer, lower glume scabrid along keel distally, upper glume often smooth, apex acute; callus minutely hairy; lemma 2/3–3/4 spikelet length, glabrous, midrib slightly prominent, usually awnless, apex truncate; palea 1/2–3/4 length of lemma. Anthers 0.8–1.5 mm. Fl. Aug.
  • Flora of China @ eFloras.org
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Diagnostic Description

Synonym

Agrostis sylvatica Hudson; A. tenuis Sibthorp; A. vulgaris Withering.
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Type Information

Holotype for Agrostis capillaris var. aristulata Hitchc.
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): A. Chase
Year Collected: 1905
Locality: Alexandria, Virginia, United States, North America
  • Holotype: Hitchcock, A. S. 1928. Proc. Biol. Soc. Wash. 41: 160.
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Holotype for Agrostis tenuis Vasey
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Card file verified by examination of alleged type specimen
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): S. B. Parish & W. F. Parish
Year Collected: 1881
Locality: San Bernardino Mts., San Bernardino, California, United States, North America
  • Holotype: Vasey, G. 1883. Bull. Torrey Bot. Club. 10: 21.
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Ecology

Habitat

Habitat & Distribution

Moist grassy places, probably introduced; 1000–1500 m. Henan, Nei Mongol, Ningxia, Shanxi, Xinjiang [Afghanistan, W Russia; N Africa, SW Asia (Caucasus, Turkey), Europe; introduced in North America and other temperate countries].
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Associations

Associations

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / pathogen
strand of Laetisaria fuciformis infects and damages dying plant of Agrostis tenuis
Remarks: season: 9-10

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Associations

Foodplant / spot causer
pycnidium of Ascochyta coelomycetous anamorph of Ascochyta agrostidis causes spots on live leaf of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / spot causer
pycnidium of Actinothyrium coelomycetous anamorph of Ascochyta leptospora causes spots on leaf of Agrostis capillaris

In Great Britain and/or Ireland:
Foodplant / parasite
Blumeria graminis parasitises live Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / gall
stroma of Epichlo causes gall of stem of Agrostis capillaris
Remarks: season: fertile in 8

Foodplant / spot causer
sporodochium of Hadrotrichum virescens causes spots on live leaf of Agrostis capillaris
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / pathogen
Labyrinthula infects and damages Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / pathogen
pycnidium of Dilophospora coelomycetous anamorph of Lidophia graminis infects and damages live inflorescence of Agrostis capillaris
Remarks: season: 5-10, esp. 7

Foodplant / sap sucker
nymph of Lopus decolor sucks sap of Agrostis capillaris
Other: major host/prey

Foodplant / spot causer
colony of Mastigosporium anamorph of Mastigosporium rubricosum causes spots on live leaf of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / sap sucker
adult of Neides tipularius sucks sap of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / parasite
amphigenous, scattered or in patches uredium of Puccinia coronata parasitises live leaf of Agrostis capillaris
Remarks: season: summer

Foodplant / parasite
linear telium of Puccinia graminis f.sp. agrostidis parasitises live stem of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / parasite
mostly epiphyllous, scattered uredium of Puccinia recondita parasitises live leaf of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / spot causer
colony of Drechsler dematiaceous anamorph of Pyrenophora erythrospila causes spots on live leaf of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / pathogen
internal sorus of Tilletia sphaerococca infects and damages ovary of Agrostis capillaris
Remarks: season: 9-10

Foodplant / saprobe
fruitbody of Typhula incarnata is saprobic on dying stem of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / spot causer
long, linear, erumpent sorus of Urocystis agropyri causes spots on live, blistered leaf of Agrostis capillaris

Foodplant / parasite
embedded sorus of Urocystis agrostidis parasitises live culm of Agrostis capillaris

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Molecular Biology and Genetics

Barcode

Locations of barcode samples

Collection Sites: world map showing specimen collection locations for Agrostis capillaris
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Source: Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD)

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Statistics of barcoding coverage

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
                                                             
Specimen Records:1
Specimens with Sequences:0
Specimens with Barcodes:0
Public Records:0
Species:1
Species With Barcodes:0
  
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Statistics of barcoding coverage

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLD) Stats
                                                             
Specimen Records:7
Specimens with Sequences:10
Specimens with Barcodes:10
Public Records:8
Species:1
Species With Barcodes:1
  
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Molecular Biology

Statistics of barcoding coverage: Agrostis capillaris

Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 12
Species: 14
Species With Barcodes: 1

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Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

Canada

Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable

United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNA - Not Applicable

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NatureServe Conservation Status

Rounded Global Status Rank: GNR - Not Yet Ranked

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Wikipedia

Agrostis capillaris

Agrostis capillaris (Common Bent,Colonial bent, Browntop) is a rhizomatous and stoloniferous perennial in the grass family (Poaceae). It is native to Eurasia and has been widely introduced in many parts of the world.[3] Colonial bent grows in moist grasslands and open meadows, and can also be found in agricultural areas, roadsides, and invading disturbed areas.[4]

The name agrostis comes from the Greek word meaning forage plant, agros meaning 'a field'.

It is found growing in neutral to acidic soils. It has a very fine texture and like most bent grasses grows very dense. Although this species has been used on golf courses and sporting fields it is better suited for lawns. Colonial Bent is fairly easy to grow from seeds and fertilization of the lawn is not as intense. This grass also takes longer to establish than Creeping Bent. However it does not require the intense maintenance.[5]

Many internet sources describe it as being the tallest of the bent species. However C E Hubbard describes its height as ranging from 10 to 70 cm high, whereas the Black Bent Agrostis gigantea is 40 to 120 cm. Marjorie Blamey, Richard and Alastair Fitter also describe Black Bent as being taller.[6][7]

Physical description

It forms a dense sward of fine leaves. The ligule is short and does not come to a point. This differs from Creeping Bent, Agrostis stolonifera which is pointed and up to 5mm long.

The flowering panicles appear from May until June. They are finely branched and look like a purple haze from a distance. The panicle persists in winter after the seeds have been shed.[8]

References

  1. ^ Plants Profile for Agrostis Capillaris Retrieved 2010-03-14.
  2. ^ Germplasm Resource Information Network Retrieved 2010-03-15.
  3. ^ Grass Manual on the Web Retrieved 2010-03-15.
  4. ^ Global Invasive Species Database: Ecology of Agrostis capillaris Retrieved 2010-03-15.
  5. ^ Watson L, Dallwitz MJ. (2008). "The grass genera of the world: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval; including synonyms, morphology, anatomy, physiology, phytochemistry, cytology, classification, pathogens, world and local distribution, and references". The Grass Genera of the World. http://delta-intkey.com/grass/www/agrostis.htm. Retrieved 2009-08-19. 
  6. ^ Grasses by C E Hubbard, 1978, published by Penguin books
  7. ^ Wild Flowers of Britain and Ireland|author=Marjorie Blamey, Richard and Alistair Fitter|year=2003|ISBN=0-7136-5944-0
  8. ^ BSBI Description retrieved 2010-11-16.
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