Erythronium mesochoreum — Details

Midland Fawnlily learn more about names for this taxon

Overview

Distribution

Localities documented in Tropicos sources

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Erythronium mesochoreum Knerr:
United States (North America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

Correll, D. S. & M. C. Johnston. 1970. Man. Vasc. Pl. Texas i–xv, 1–1881. The University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1493
Great Plains Flora Association. 1986. Fl. Great Plains i–vii, 1–1392. University Press of Kansas, Lawrence. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/637

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Localities documented in Tropicos sources

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Erythronium albidum var. mesochoreum (Knerr) Rickett:
United States (North America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103
Fernald, M. 1950. Manual (ed. 8) i–lxiv, 1–1632. American Book Co., New York. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1327

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Localities documented in Tropicos sources

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Erythronium albidum var. coloratum Sterns:
United States (North America)

Note: This information is based on publications available through Tropicos and may not represent the entire distribution. Tropicos does not categorize distributions as native or non-native.

Anonymous. 1986. List-Based Rec., Soil Conserv. Serv., U.S.D.A. Database of the U.S.D.A., Beltsville. http://www.tropicos.org/Reference/1103

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Ark., Ill., Iowa, Kans., Mo., Nebr., Okla., Tex.

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National Distribution

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United States

Origin: Unknown/Undetermined

Regularity: Regularly occurring

Currently: Unknown/Undetermined

Confidence: Confident

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Global Range: IA, NE s to MO & OK; (IA & NE s to TX) (Flora of the Great Plains, 1986).

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Physical Description

Morphology

Description

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Bulbs ovoid to ± globose, 10–25 mm; stolons absent; flowering plants reproducing vegetatively by droppers or offshoots. Leaves 5–14 cm; blade green, usually not mottled, elliptic-lanceolate to ovate-lanceolate, conduplicate, glaucous, base and margins sometimes purple-brown, margins even. Scape 5–15 cm. Inflorescences 1-flowered. Flowers: tepals spreading at anthesis, white, tinged pink, blue, or lavender abaxially, with yellow adaxial spot at base, lanceolate, 15–30 mm, auricles absent; stamens 8–15 mm; filaments yellow, lanceolate; anthers yellow; pollen yellow; style white, 7–10 mm; stigma lobes recurving, 1–1.5 mm. Capsules resting on ground at maturity due to reclining peduncle, obovoid, 10–15 mm, apex rounded to faintly apiculate or umbilicate. 2n = 22.

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Diagnostic Description

Synonym

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Erythronium albidum Nuttall var. coloratum Sterns; E. albidum var. mesochoreum (Knerr) Rickett

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Type Information

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Type collection for Erythronium mesochoreum Knerr
Catalog Number: US 517743
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Botany
Verification Degree: Card file verified by examination of original publication
Preparation: Pressed specimen
Collector(s): E. B. Knerr
Year Collected: 1892
Locality: Atchison, Kansas, United States, North America

Type collection: Knerr, E. B. 1892. Checklist Pl. Kansas. 26.

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Ecology

Habitat

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Prairies, glades, dry, open woods, occasionally pastures; 100--700m.

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Comments: Prairies & open woods, occasionally found in cut-over woods (Flora of the Great Plains, 1986).

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Associations

Flower-Visiting Insects of Prairie Trout Lily in Illinois

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Erythronium mesochoreum (Prairie Trout Lily)
(bees collect pollen or suck nectar; observations are from Michener & Rettenmeyer and Krombein et al. as indicated below)

Bees (long-tongued)
Apidae (Apinae): Apis mellifera (MR)

Bees (short-tongued)
Andrenidae (Andreninae): Andrena erythronii cp olg (MR, Kr)

Hilty, J. Editor. 2013. Insect Visitors of Illinois Wildflowers. World Wide Web electronic publication. illinoiswildflowers.info, version (05/2013)
See: Abbreviations for Insect Activities, Abbreviations for Scientific Observers, References for behavioral observations

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Life History and Behavior

Cyclicity

Flowering/Fruiting

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Flowering spring.

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Conservation

Conservation Status

National NatureServe Conservation Status

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United States

Rounded National Status Rank: NNR - Unranked

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NatureServe Conservation Status

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Rounded Global Status Rank: G4 - Apparently Secure

Reasons: This species is found throughtout the central and southern Great Plains, but no abundance information is available.

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Notes

Comments

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Because stolons are absent in Erythronium mesochoreum, most plants in a population produce flowers; nonflowering plants may sometimes appear after flowering plants have flowered. This species is well adapted to prairie fires. The seeds have elaiosomes, and ants may act as dispersal agents (Great Plains Flora Association 1986). C. C. Deam et al. (1941) reported E. mesochoreum from Indiana, but an examination of the specimens cited, now at IND, showed that these are E. albidum. E. L. Braun (1967) reported that many populations of E. albidum in southwestern Ohio indicate introgression with “the Ozarkean var. mesochoreum….” However, personal observation by K. R. Robertson of several Ohio populations in flower confirmed that these plants are true E. albidum, although they occur in prairies and have more or less conduplicate leaves.

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