The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• 1. IUCN Red List (February, 2008) http://www.iucnredlist.org
• 10. Litzgus, J.D. (2006) Sex differences in longevity in the spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata). Copeia, 2006 (2): 281 - 288.
• 11. Harding, J. (1997) Amphibians and Reptiles of the Great Lakes Region. University of Michigan Press, Michigan.
• 12. Burke, V.J., Lovich, J.E. and Gibbons, J.W. (2000) Conservation of freshwater turtles. In: Klemens, M.K. Ed. Turtle Conservation. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington, D.C.
• 2. Litzgus, J.D. (2004) Status Report on the Spotted Turtle, Clemmys guttata. Committee on the Status of Endangered Wildlife in Canada (COSEWIC), Environment Canada, Ottawa, ON. Available at http://dsp-psd.pwgsc.gc.ca/Collection/CW69-14-382-2004E.pdf
• 3. Ernst, C., Lovich, J. and Barbour, R. (1994) Turtles of the United States and Canada. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C.
• 4. Centre for Reptile and Amphibian Conservation and Management: Spotted Turtle Fact Sheet (November, 2006) http://herpcenter.ipfw.edu/outreach/accounts/reptiles/turtles/Spotted_turtle/SpottedTurtleFactSheet.pdf
• 5. Ernst, C.H., Altenburg, R.G.M. and Barbour, R.W. (1997) Turtles of the World. ETI Information Systems Ltd, Netherlands. Available at http://ip30.eti.uva.nl/BIS/turtles.php
• 6. Trent University Biology Department: Kawartha Turtle Watch (February, 2008) http://web.archive.org/web/20050221234448/www.trentu.ca/biology/turtlewatch/Spotted.htm
• 7. Canadian Amphibian and Reptile Conservation Network (February, 2008) http://www.carcnet.ca/english/reptiles/species_accounts/turtles/Clemmys/clemmys2.html
• 8. Litzgus, J.D. and Mousseau, T.A. (2003) Multiple clutching in southern spotted turtles, Clemmys guttata. Journal of Herpetology, 37 (1): 17 - 23.
• 9. Litzgus, J.D. and Brooks, R.J. (2000) Habitat and temperature selection of Clemmys guttata from a northern population. Journal of Herpetology, 34 (2): 178 - 185.
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2004. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada, draft (2004)
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79
• Barnwell, M., P. Meylan, T. Walsh. 1997. The spotted turtle (*Clemmys guttata*) in central Florida. Chelonian Conserv. and Biol., 2: 405-408.
• Barnwell, Mary E.;Meylan, Peter A.;Walsh, Timothy. 1997. The spotted turtle (Clemmys guttata) in central Florida. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 2 (3): 405-408.
• Bartlett, R., P. Bartlett. 1999. A Field Guide to Florida Reptiles and Amphibians. Houston, Texas: Gulf Publ. Co..
• Behler, J. 1996. Spying on spotties: radio bugs reveal the secret life of the spotted turtle. Wildlife Conservation., Sept-Oct 1996: 39-45.
• Behler, John L. 1998. Wildlife as Canon sees it: Spotted Turtle (Clemmys guttata). National Geographic 193 (5): unnumbered.
• Belmore, R.E. 2004. The Spotted Turtle, Clemmys guttata. Gainesville, Florida.
• Bentley, C.C.; Knight, J.L. 1993. The oldest spotted turtle: Clemmys guttata (Testudines: Emydidae) from the Late Pleistocene (Rancholabrean) Ardis Local Fauna, Dorchester County, South Carolina. South Carolina Geology 36:59-63.
• Bickham, J., T. Lamb, P. Minx, J. Patton. 1996. Molecular systematics of the genus *Clemmys* and the intergenetic relationships of emydid turtles. Herpetologica, 52(1): 89-97.
• Bickham, John W.;Lamb, Trip;Minx, Patrick;Patton, John C. 1996. Molecular systematics of the genus Clemmys and the intergeneric relationships of Emydid turtles. Herpetologica 52 (1): 89-97.
• Burke, R., T. Leuteritz, A. Wolf. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of emydine turtles. Herpetologica, 52(4): 572-584.
• Burke, Russell L.;Leuteritz, Thomas E.;Wolfe, Alan J. 1996. Phylogenetic relationships of Emydine turtles. Herpetologica 52 (4): 572-584.
• Bury, R. Bruce;Ernst, Carl H. 1977. Clemmys. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (203): 1-2.
• Conant, R., J. Collins. 1998. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. Boston: Houghton Mifflin.
• Conant, Roger. 1938. The Reptiles of Ohio. American Midland Naturalist 20 (1): 1-200.
• Conant,R. & Collins,J.T. 1991. A Field Guide to Reptiles and Amphibians of Eastern/Central North America, 3rd ed. Houghton Mifflin (Boston/New York), xx + 450 p.
• Congdon, J., A. Dunham, R. van Loben Sels. 1993. Delayed sexual maturity and demographics of Blanding's Turtles (*Emydoidea blandingii*): implcations for conservation and management of long-lived organisms. Conservation Biology, 7(4): 826-833.
• Congdon, J., A. Dunham, R. van Loben Sels. 1994. Demographics of Common Snapping Turtles: Implications for conservation and management of long-lived organisms. Amer. Zool., 34: 397-408.
• Ernst, C. 1970. Reproduction in *Clemmys guttata*. Herpetologica, 26: 228-232.
• Ernst, C. 1983. *Clemmys guttata* (spotted turtle) X *Clemmys muhlenbergii* (bog turtle): natural hybrid. Herpetol. Rev., 14: 75.
• Ernst, C., J. Lovich, R. Barbour. 1994. Turtles of the United States and Canada. Washington D.C.: Smithsonian Institution Press.
• Ernst, Carl H. 1972. Clemmys guttata. Catalogue of American Amphibians and Reptiles (124): 1-2.
• Ernst, Carl H. 2001. An overview of the North American turtle genus Clemmys Ritgen, 1828. Chelonian Conserv. Biol. 4 (1): 211-216.
• Ernst, Carl H.; Lovich, Jeffrey E. 2009. Turtles of the United States and Canada, 2nd edition. Johns Hopkins University Press, 827 pp.
• Ernst,C.H. and Barbour,R.W. 1989. Turtles of the World. Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington D.C. - London.
• Ewert, M., C. Nelson. 1991. Sex determination in turtles: Diverse patterns and some possible adaptive values. Copeia, 1991: 50-69.
• Feldman, C. R. & Parham, James Ford . 2002. Molecular Phylogenetics of Emydine Turtles: Taxonomic Revision and the Evolution of Shell Kinesis. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution 22 (3): 388-398.
• Feldman, C., J. Parham. 2001. Molecular systematics of emydine turtles.. Chelonian Conservation and Biology, 4(1): 194-198.
• Feldman, C., J. Parham. 2002. A molecular phylogeny for emydine turtles: taxonomic revision and the evolution of shell kinesis.. Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 22(3): 388-398.
• Froom, B. 1976. The turtles of Canada. McClelland & Stewart, Toronto 120 pp.
• Harding, J. 1997. Amphibians and Reptiles of the Great Lakes Region. Ann Arbor: University of Michigan Press.
• Holman, J. Alan; Fritz, Uwe. 2001. A new emydine species from the Middle Miocene (Barstovian) of Nebraska, USA with a new generic arrangement for the species of Clemmys sensu McDOWELL (1964). Zoologische Abhandlungen (Dresden) 51(2):331-353.
• Holman, J., U. Fritz. 2001. A new emydine species from the Middle Miocene (Barstovian) of Nebraska, USA with a new generic arrangement for the species of Clemmys sensu McDowell (1964) (Reptilia: Testudines: Emydidae).. Zoologische Abhandlungen Staatliches Museum für Tierkunde Dresden, 51: 331-354.
• Iverson, J. B. 1992. A Revised Checklist with Distribution Maps of the Turtles of the World
• Jamniczky, H. A. and A. P. Russell. 2004. A geometric morphometric assessment of the 'batagurine process' of testudinoid turtles. Amphibia-Reptilia 25 (4): 369-379.
• King, Richard B.; Oldham, Michael J.; Weller, Wayne F.; Wynn, Douglas. 1997. Historic and current amphibian and reptile distributions in the Island Region of Western Lake Erie. American Midland Naturalist 138(1):153-173.
• Klemens, M. 1993. Amphibians and reptiles of Connecticut and Adjacent Regions. Hartford: Bull. 112. State Geol. and Nat. Hist. Survey of Connecticut.
• Lambertz, H. & Lambertz, K. 2002. Langjährige Zuchterfolge von Clemmys guttata. Elaphe 10 (1): 37-41.
• Levell, J. 1997. A Field Guide to Reptiles and the Law (2nd ed.). Lanesboro, Minnesota: Serpent's Tale Natural History Books Distributors.
• Litzgus, J., R. Brooks. 2000. Habitat and temperature selection of *Clemmys guttata*in a northern population. Journ. of Herpetology, 34(2): 178-185.
• Litzgus, Jacqueline D. & Timothy A. Mousseau. 2006. Geographic variation in reproduction in a freshwater turtle (Clemmys guttata). Herpetologica 62 (2): 132-140.
• Litzgus, Jacqueline D., Frances Bolton and Albrecht I. Schulte-Hostedde. 2008. Reproductive output depends on body condition in spotted turtles, Clemmys guttata. Copeia 2008 (1): 86-92.
• Litzgus, Lacqueline D.;Brooks, Ronald J. 1998. Testing the validity of counts of plastral scute rings in spotted turtles, Clemmys guttata. Copeia 1998 (1): 222-225.
• Lovich, J.E. & Jaworski, T.R. 1988. Annotated checklist of Amphibians and Reptiles reported from Cedar Bog, Ohio. Ohio J. Sci. 88 (4): 139-143.
• McCord, W.P. & Joseph-Ouni, M. 2006. Chelonian Illustrations # 24 - North American Wood and Pond Turtles. Reptilia (GB) (44): 83-86.
• Merkle, D. A. 1975. A taxonomic analysis of the Clemmys complex (Reptilia: Testudines) utilizing starch gel electrophoresis. Herpetologica 31 (2): 162-166.
• Netting, M. Graham. 1940. The spotted turtle, Clemmys guttata (Schneider) (an addition to the herpetofauna of West Virginia). Proceedings, West Virginia Academy of Science 14: 146-147.
• New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (Online source)
• Niederberger, Allan J.;Seidel, Michael E. 1997. Geographic Distribution. Clemmys guttata. Herpetological Review 28 (3): 156.
• Parker, Patricia G.;Whiteman, Howard H. 1993. Genetic diversity in fragmented populations of Clemmys guttata and Chrysemys picta marginata as shown by DNA fingerprinting. Copeia 1993 (3): 841-846.
• Partners in Amphibian And Reptile Conservation: Northeast Working Group (Online source)
• Ritgen, F.A. 1828. Versuch einer natürlichen Eintheilung der Vögel. Nova Acta physico-medica Academiae Caesareae Leopoldino-Carolinae Naturae Curiosorum, 14: 245–284. .
• Schneider, J.G. 1792. Beschreibung und Abbildung einer neuen Art von Wasserschildkröte nebst Bestimmungen einiger bisher wenig bekannten fremden Arten. Schriften der Gesellschaft Naturforschender Freunde zu Berlin 10: 259-283.
• Spinks, Phillip Q. & H. Bradley Shaffer. 2009. CONFLICTING MITOCHONDRIAL AND NUCLEAR PHYLOGENIES FOR THE WIDELY DISJUNCT EMYS (TESTUDINES: EMYDIDAE) SPECIES COMPLEX, AND WHAT THEY TELL US ABOUT BIOGEOGRAPHY AND HYBRIDIZATION. Systematic Biology 58(1): 1-20.
• Ward, F. P.;Hohmann, C. J.;Ulrich, J. F.;Hill, S. E. 1976. Seasonal microhabitat selections of spotted turtles (Clemmys guttata) in Maryland elucidated by radioisotope tracking. Herpetologica 32 (1): 60-64.
• Wilson, D.S. et al. 2003. Estimating age of turtles from growth rings: a critical evaluation of the technique. Herpetologica 59 (2): 178-194.