The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• BMLSS (British Marine Life Study Society), (2008). Sea Mammals: Seals Page. www.glaucus.org.uk/seals1.htm, 2008-03-13 00:00:00
• Bernhard Grzimek (1990) Grzimek's Encyclopedia of Mammals. McGraw-Hill: New York.
• Berta, A.; Churchill, M. (2011). Pusa hispida Schreber, 1775. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=159021 on 2012-05-24
• Borges, P.A.V., Costa, A., Cunha, R., Gabriel, R., Gonçalves, V., Martins, A.F., Melo, I., Parente, M., Raposeiro, P., Rodrigues, P., Santos, R.S., Silva, L., Vieira, P. & Vieira, V. (Eds.) (2010). A list of the terrestrial and marine biota from the Azores. Princípia, Oeiras, 432 pp.
• Corbet, G.B. & Southern, H.N., (1977). The handbook of British Mammals. 2nd edition. Blackwell Scientific Publications, Oxford & London.
• Evans, P.G.H. & Raga, J. A. (ed.), (2001). Marine mammals: biology and conservation New York: Kluwer Academic / Plenum Publishers
• Frost, K.J. and L.F. Lowry. 1981. Ringed, Baikal and Caspian seals - Phoca hispida Schreber, 1775 Phoca Sibirica Gmelin, 1758 Phoca caspica Gmelin, 1788. Handbook of marine mammals. Academic Press, New York.
• Hammill, M.O. and T.G. Smith. 1991. The role of predation in the ecology of the ringed seal in Barrow Strait, Northwest Territories, Canada. Marine Mammal Science, 7(2): 123-135.
• Harris, S.H. 1991. The handbook of British mammals. Blackwell Scientific Publications Ltd., Osney Mead, Oxford. p. 480.
• Hewer, H.R. (1974). British Seals. London : Collins
• Howson, C.M. & Picton, B.E. (ed.), (1997). The species directory of the marine fauna and flora of the British Isles and surrounding seas. Belfast: Ulster Museum. [Ulster Museum publication, no. 276.]
• Hyvarinen, H. 1989. Diving in darkness: whiskers as sense organs of the ringed seal (Phoca hispida saimensis). Journal of Zoology (London), 218(4): 663-678.
• IUCN (2009). Species and Climate Change: More than just the Polar Bear.
• Jan Haelters
• Kedra, M. (2010). A Checklist of marine species occurring in Polish marine waters, compiled in the framework of the PESI EU FP7 project.
• Kingsley, M.C.S. 1990. Status of the ringed seal, Phoca hispida, in Canada. Canadian Field-Naturalist, 104(1): 138-145.
• Kinze, C. C., (2002). Photographic Guide to the Marine Mammals of the North Atlantic. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
• Lowry, L.F., K.J. Frost, and J.J. Burns. 1980. Variability in the diet of ringed seals, Phoca hispida, in Alaska. Canadian Journal of Fish and Aquatic Sciences, 37(12): 2254-2261.
• Lyderson, C. and M.O. Hammill. 1993. Diving in ringed seal (Phoca hispida) pups during the nursing period. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 71(5): 991-996.
• NBN (National Biodiversity Network), (2002). National Biodiversity Network gateway. http://www.searchnbn.net, 2008-10-31 00:00:00
• North-West Atlantic Ocean species (NWARMS)
• Nowak, R.M., (2003). Walker's Marine Mammals of the World. Baltimore: John Hopkins University Press.
• OBIS, (2008). Ocean Biogeographic Information System. http://www.iobis.org, 2008-10-31 00:00:00
• Original description: "Schreber, J.C.D., 1775.  in Schreber's Die Säugthiere in Abbildungen nach der Natur mit Beschreibungen, Wolfgang Walther, Erlangen, 7 volumes, 1774-1846; 2(13):pl. 86[1775]; text, 3(17):312[1776]."
• Rice, Dale W. 1998. Marine Mammals of the World: Systematics and Distribution. Special Publications of the Society for Marine Mammals, no. 4. ix + 231
• Richard Weigl (2005) Longevity of Mammals in Captivity; from the Living Collections of the World. Kleine Senckenberg-Reihe 48: Stuttgart.
• Ronald Nowak (2003) Walker's Marine Mammals of the World. Johns Hopkins University Press: Baltimore.
• Shetland Sea Mammal Group (2008). Vagrant Seals in Shetland. www.nature-shetland.co.uk/seamammal/rareseals.htm, 2008-03-13 00:00:00
• Smith, T.G. and I. Stirling. 1975. The breeding habitat of the ringed seal (Phoca hispida): The birth lair and associated structures. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 53(9): 1297-1305.
• UNESCO-IOC Register of Marine Organisms
• VLIZ Belgian Marine Species Consortium
• Wilson, Don E., and DeeAnn M. Reeder, eds. 2005. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference, 3rd ed., vols. 1 & 2. 2142