The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79
• Bedard, J. 1985. Evolution and characteristics of the Atlantic Alcidae. Pp. 1-51 in D Nettleship, T Birkhead, eds. The Atlantic Alcidae. London: Academic Press Inc..
• BirdLife International 2009. Cepphus grylle
• Birkhead, T., M. Harris. 1985. Ecological adaptations for breeding in the Atlantic Alcidae. Pp. 205-231 in D Nettleship, T Birkhead, eds. The Atlantic Alcidae. London: Academic Press Inc..
• Bradstreet, M., R. Brown. 1985. Feeding ecology of the Atlantic Alcidae. Pp. 264-318 in D Nettleship, T Birkhead, eds. The Atlantic Alcidae. London: Academic Press Inc..
• Brown, R. 1985. The Atlantic Alcidae at sea. Pp. 384-426 in D Nettleship, T Birkhead, eds. The Atlantic Alcidae. London: Academic Press Inc..
• Brown, R., D. Nettleship. 1984. The seabirds of northeastern North America: their present status and conservation requirements. Pp. 85-100 in J Croxall, P Evans, R Schreiber, eds. Seabirds of the world: their status and conservation. Cambridge, England: International Council for Bird Preservation.
• Cairns, D. 1980. Nesting density, habitat structure and human disturbance as factors in black guillemot reproduction. Wilson Bulletin, 92(3): 352-361.
• Cairns, D. 1986. Diet and foraging ecology of Black Guillemots in northeastern Hudson Bay. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65: 1257-1263.
• Cairns, D. 1992. Diving behavior of Black Guillemots in Northeastern Hudson Bay. Colonial Watebirds, 15(2): 245-248.
• EURING list of longevity records for European birds (Online source)
• Gaston, A. 1985. Development of young in the Atlantic Alcidae. Pp. 319-354 in D Nettleship, T Birkhead, eds. The Atlantic Alcidae. London: Academic Press Inc..
• Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright. 2006. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259
• Harris, M., T. Birkhead. 1985. Breeding ecology of the Atlantic Alcidae. Pp. 156-204 in D Nettleship, T Birkhead, eds. The Atlantic Alcidae. London: Academic Press Inc..
• Hilden, O. 1994. Diurnal rhythm of colony attendance and optimal census time for the Black Guillemot Cepphus grylle in the Baltic Sea. Ornis Fennica, 71: 61-67.
• Johnsgard, P. 1987. Diving birds of North America. Lincoln & London: University of Nebraska Press.
• Mehlum, F., G. Gabrielsen, K. Nagy. 1993. Energy expenditure by Black guillemots (Cepphus grylle) during chick-rearing. Colonial Waterbirds, 16(1): 45-52.
• Nettleship, D. 1996. Family Alcidae (Auks). Pp. 678-722 in J del Hoyo, A Elliott, J Sargatal, eds. Handbook of the birds of the world. Vol. 3. Hoatzin to Auks. Barcelona: Lynx Edicions.
• Nettleship, D., P. Evans. 1985. Distribution and status of the Atlantic Alcidae. Pp. 54-154 in D Nettleship, T Birkhead, eds. The Atlantic Alcidae. London: Academic Press Inc..
• Nol, E., D. Gaskin. 1986. Distribution and movements of Black guillemots (Cepphus grylle) in coastal waters of the southwestern Bay of Fundy. Canadian Journal of Zoology, 65: 2682-2689.
• Stokes, D., L. Stokes. 1996. Stokes Field Guide to Birds, Eastern Region. Toronto: Little, Brown and Company.
• Winn, H. 1950. The black guillemots of Kent Island, Bay of Fundy. Auk, 67: 477-485.