The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

  • Araya BM & G Millie. 1991. Guía de campo de las aves de Chile. 4ta ed. Editorial Universitaria, Santiago. 405 p.
  • Attenborough, David. 1979. Life on Earth. Boston, MA: Little, Brown and Company. 319 p.
  • BirdLife International 2009. Aptenodytes forsteri
  • Deguine, Jean-Claude. 1974. Emperor Penguin: Bird of the Antarctic. The Stephen Greene Press, Vermont.
  • Dresp, B; Jouventin, P; Langley, K. 2005. Ultraviolet reflecting photonic microstructures in the King Penguin beak. Biology Letters. 1(3): 310-313.
  • Gain, L. 1912. Annual Report of the Board of Regents of the Smithsonian Institution. The Penguins of the Antarctic Region. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 475-483.
  • Gilbert C; Robertson G; Le Maho Y; Naito Y; Ancel A. 2006. Huddling behavior in emperor penguins: dynamics of huddling. Physiology & Behavior. 88(4-5): 479-488.
  • Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright. 2006. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259
  • IUCN (2009). Species and Climate Change: More than just the Polar Bear.
  • Kooyman, G. L. and T. G. Kooyman. 1995. Diving behavior of emperor penguins nurturing chicks at Coulman Island, Antarctica. Condor 97:536-549.
  • Rivolier, Jean. 1956. Emperor Penguins. Elek Books, London.
  • Tony Williams (1995) The Penguins. Oxford University Press.
  • Zitterbart DP; Wienecke B; Butler JP; Fabry B. 2011. Coordinated movements prevent jamming in an emperor penguin huddle. PLoS ONE [Internet],

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