Global Range: (>2,500,000 square km (greater than 1,000,000 square miles)) BREEDING: southern Manitoba east across southern Canada and the northern U.S. to Newfoundland, south to eastern Oklahoma, east-central Texas, Gulf coast, and Florida (AOU 1998); mainly in northeastern U.S., Great Lakes states, and adjacent Canada (Keppie and Whiting 1994). NON-BREEDING: southeastern U.S. from eastern Oklahoma, southern Missouri, Tennessee, northern portions of Gulf states, and southern New England south to east-central Texas, Gulf coast, and southern Florida (AOU 1998); winter use of the northern part of this range in greatest in mild winters. MIGRATION: concentrations of migrants occur in fall at Canaan Valley, West Virginia; Cape Charles, Virginia; and Cape May, New Jersey. May concentrate also on some Mississippi River islands and bottomland areas (USFWS 1990).