This taxon exists in two disjunct populations: the race goldmani is resident year round in México state, Mexico, whereas the nominate race is migratory, breeding locally in Alberta, Mackenzie, Saskatchewan, Manitoba, Ontario, Quebec and New Brunswick (Canada), and North Dakota, Minnesota, Wisconsin, Michigan, Massachusetts and Connecticut (USA), and wintering from coastal North Carolina south to Florida and west along the gulf coast to Texas (Taylor and van Perlo 1998).