The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• B., Bruun., & S. Baha El Din.   (1985).  Common Birds of Egypt, The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo..  
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2003. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, and A. L. Gardner. 1987. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada. Resource Publication, no. 166. 79
• BirdLife International 2009. Gavia stellata
• Dickinson, Edward C., ed. 2003. The Howard and Moore Complete Checklist of the Birds of the World, 3rd edition. 1039
• Gill, Frank, and Minturn Wright. 2006. Birds of the World: Recommended English Names. ix + 259
• John Terres (1980) The Audubon Society Encyclopedia of North American Birds. Knopf: New York.
• M., Tharwat.   (1997).  ‘Birds Known to occur in Egypt’, National Biodiversity Unit, no. 8, Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, Cairo..  
• Moller (2006) Sociality, age at first reproduction and senescence: comparative analyses of birds. J Evol Biol, 19:682-689.
• R., Porter., & D. Cottridge.   (2000).  Birds of Egypt and the Middle East, The American University in Cairo Press, Cairo..  
• S., Baha El Din., J. Hobbs., W. Mullie., S. Goodman., & P. Meininger.   (1989).  The Birds of Egypt, Oxford University Press, New York..  
• The Birds of North America Online (Online source)
• del Hoyo, J., Elliot, A., and Sargatal, J. Handbook of the Birds of the World, Vol. 1. Lynx Edicions, Barcelona, 1992.
• www.wikipedia.org