The following bibliography has been generated by bringing together all references provided by our content partners. There may be duplication.

References

• AmphibiaWeb (Online source)
• Andrew Snider and J. Bowler (1992) Longevity of Reptiles and Amphibians in North American Collections, Second Edition. Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles .
• Banks, R. C., R. W. McDiarmid, A. L. Gardner, and W. C. Starnes. 2004. Checklist of Vertebrates of the United States, the U.S. Territories, and Canada, draft (2004)
• Behler, J., F. King. May, 1996. National Audubon Society Field Guide to North American Reptiles and Amphibians. New York: Alfred A. Knopf.
• Conant, R., J. Collins. 1998. A Field Guide to Reptiles & Amphibians of Eastern and Central North America. New York City, NY, USA: Houghton Mifflin Company.
• Connecticut Dept. of Env. Protection, Jan. 2000. "Northern Spring Salamander" (On-line). Accessed February 22, 2001 at http://dep.state.ct.us/burnatr/wildlife/factshts/spslmdr.htm.
• Crother, Brian I., Jeff Boundy, Frank T. Burbrink, et al. / Moriarty, John J., ed. 2008. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, With Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding, Sixth Ed. Herpetological Circular No. 37. 1-84
• Crother, Brian I., Jeff Boundy, Jonathan A. Campbell, et al. / Moriarty, John J., ed. 2000. Scientific and Standard English Names of Amphibians and Reptiles of North America North of Mexico, with Comments Regarding Confidence in Our Understanding. Herpetological Circular, no. 29. iv + 82
• Enviroment Canada, August 15, 2000. "Spring Salamander" (On-line). Accessed February 22, 2001 at http://www.speciesatrisk.gc.ca/Species/English/SearchDetail.cfm?SpeciesID=563.
• Holotype: Besharse, J. C. & Holsinger, J. R. 1977. Copeia. 1977 (4): 626, figure 1.
• Leary, C. Feb. 22, 2000. "Northern Spring Salamander" (On-line). Accessed March 11, 2001 at http://www.mp1-pwrc.usgs.gov/amphib/primenet/gportext.html.
• Lehigh Earth Observatory, 2000. "Spring Salamander" (On-line). Accessed February 22, 2001 at http://www.leo.lehigh.edu/projects/salamander/species/spring.html.
• Paratype: Besharse, J. C. & Holsinger, J. R. 1977. Copeia. 1977 (4): 626, figure 1.
• Partners in Amphibian And Reptile Conservation: Northeast Working Group (Online source)
• Petranka, J. 1998. Salamanders of the United States and Canada. Washington, District of Columbia, USA: Smithsonian Institution Press.
• Tennessee Aquarium, 1998. "Amphibians: Northern Spring Salamander" (On-line). Accessed January 19, 2001 at http://www.tnaqua.org/Amazing/northern_spring_salamander.html.
• WildPortraits.com, 2000. "Spring Salamander" (On-line). Accessed January 19, 2001 at http://www.wildportraits.com/spring_salamanders.htm.