Table of Contents
Overview
Comprehensive Description
Biology
Adults are common around rubble and sand in steep outer reef slopes (Ref. 9710), and drop-offs, usually adjacent to very deep water. They form small aggregations in soft bottom habitats with sponges and soft corals. The group usually comprising juveniles and females which are dominated by a large male (Ref. 48636). Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
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Gomon, M.F. 2006 A revision of the labrid fish genus Bodianus with descriptions of eight new species. Rec. Aust. Mus. Suppl. 30:1-133. (Ref. 75973)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75973&speccode=5497
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Distribution
Indo-Pacific: Madagascar to New Caledonia, Japan to New Zealand.
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Gomon, M.F. 2006 A revision of the labrid fish genus Bodianus with descriptions of eight new species. Rec. Aust. Mus. Suppl. 30:1-133. (Ref. 75973)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=75973&speccode=5497
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Range Description
This species is found in the Indo-Pacific from the Shizuoka Prefecture in Japan, the Palau Archipelago, New Guinea, New Britain, New Caledonia, Vanuatu and Marshall Islands, Poor Knights Islands in New Zealand (probably a vagrant) (Gomon pers. comm. 2006) and Queensland, Australia. It is also recorded from the Maldives, Madagascar and Mauritius (Gomon 2006).
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Mauritius
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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Anon. (2000). FishBase 2000 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Laguna, Philippines. 4 cd-roms pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=6542
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Indo-West Pacific: Madagascar, Mauritius (Mascarenes); eastern Indonesia east to Palau and New Guinea, south to New Caledonia and Vanuatu.
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Physical Description
Morphology
Dorsal spines (total): 12; Dorsal soft rays (total): 9 - 10; Analspines: 3; Analsoft rays: 11 - 12
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Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1602&speccode=4306
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Size
Max. size
10.0 cm TL (male/unsexed; (Ref. 2334))
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Randall, J.E., G.R. Allen and R.C. Steene 1990 Fishes of the Great Barrier Reef and Coral Sea. University of Hawaii Press, Honolulu, Hawaii. 506 p. (Ref. 2334)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=2334&speccode=13770
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Diagnostic Description
Small juveniles are bright yellow and females become more orange as red lines develop. Males are mainly pink with red lines (Ref. 48636).
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Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1602&speccode=4306
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Description
Common in steep outer reef slopes.
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Anon. (1996). FishBase 96 [CD-ROM]. ICLARM: Los Baños, Philippines. 1 cd-rom pp.
http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=sourcedetails&id=5909
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World Register of Marine Species
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Type Information
Paratype for Bodianus bimaculatus Allen
Catalog Number: USNM 208347
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): G. Allen
Year Collected: 1972
Locality: Palau Island; Augulpelu Reef Off Aurapushekaru Island Vertical Dropoff., Palau Islands, Palau, Caroline Islands, Pacific
Depth (m): 41 to 41
Catalog Number: USNM 208347
Collection: Smithsonian Institution, National Museum of Natural History, Department of Vertebrate Zoology, Division of Fishes
Collector(s): G. Allen
Year Collected: 1972
Locality: Palau Island; Augulpelu Reef Off Aurapushekaru Island Vertical Dropoff., Palau Islands, Palau, Caroline Islands, Pacific
Depth (m): 41 to 41
- Paratype: Allen, G. R. 1973. Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington. 86 (2).
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Ecology
Habitat
Environment
reef-associated; marine; depth range 30 - 60 m (Ref. 1602), usually 30 - 60 m (Ref. 27115)
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Myers, R.F. 1991 Micronesian reef fishes. Second Ed. Coral Graphics, Barrigada, Guam. 298 p. (Ref. 1602)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=1602&speccode=4306
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Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 Meerwasser atlas. Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27115&speccode=4306
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Habitat and Ecology
Habitat and Ecology
Systems
This is a small species, to about 59 mm SL. It is shallow ranging, collected in depths of 30-60 m. Allen (1973) reported the species as “being moderately common” on deep reefs associated with vertical dropoffs in Palau.
It forms small aggregations in soft bottom habitats with sponges and soft corals. The group usually comprising juveniles and females which are dominated by a large male (Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001).
Although there appear to be red and yellow forms of this species, no morphological differences are apparent. B. Russell (pers. comm. 2008) observed juveniles and adults of both living together on deep reefs of Papua New Guinea, but did not see them interact. At depths in excess of 60 m, bright neon yellow individuals occurred in groups around isolated rocks on muddy slopes, and individuals with broader red lines on the flanks were more often seen near ledges or beneath overhangs on drop-offs.
It forms small aggregations in soft bottom habitats with sponges and soft corals. The group usually comprising juveniles and females which are dominated by a large male (Kuiter and Tonozuka 2001).
Although there appear to be red and yellow forms of this species, no morphological differences are apparent. B. Russell (pers. comm. 2008) observed juveniles and adults of both living together on deep reefs of Papua New Guinea, but did not see them interact. At depths in excess of 60 m, bright neon yellow individuals occurred in groups around isolated rocks on muddy slopes, and individuals with broader red lines on the flanks were more often seen near ledges or beneath overhangs on drop-offs.
Systems
- Marine
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Depth range based on 18 specimens in 1 taxon.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 10 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 39 - 96.05
Temperature range (°C): 23.061 - 26.748
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.241 - 4.047
Salinity (PPS): 34.562 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.888 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.133 - 0.466
Silicate (umol/l): 0.566 - 6.450
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 39 - 96.05
Temperature range (°C): 23.061 - 26.748
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.241 - 4.047
Salinity (PPS): 34.562 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.888 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.133 - 0.466
Silicate (umol/l): 0.566 - 6.450
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
Water temperature and chemistry ranges based on 10 samples.
Environmental ranges
Depth range (m): 39 - 96.05
Temperature range (°C): 23.061 - 26.748
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.241 - 4.047
Salinity (PPS): 34.562 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.888 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.133 - 0.466
Silicate (umol/l): 0.566 - 6.450
Graphical representation
Depth range (m): 39 - 96.05
Temperature range (°C): 23.061 - 26.748
Nitrate (umol/L): 0.241 - 4.047
Salinity (PPS): 34.562 - 35.503
Oxygen (ml/l): 3.888 - 4.855
Phosphate (umol/l): 0.133 - 0.466
Silicate (umol/l): 0.566 - 6.450
Note: this information has not been validated. Check this *note*. Your feedback is most welcome.
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Depth: 30 - 60m.
From 30 to 60 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated. Common around rubble and sand in steep outer reef slopes (Ref. 9710).
From 30 to 60 meters.
Habitat: reef-associated. Common around rubble and sand in steep outer reef slopes (Ref. 9710).
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Trophic Strategy
Occurs inshore (Ref. 75154).
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Baensch, H.A. and H. Debelius 1997 Meerwasser atlas. Mergus Verlag GmbH, Postfach 86, 49302, Melle, Germany. 1216 p. 3rd edition. (Ref. 27115)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=27115&speccode=4306
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Life History and Behavior
Life Cycle
Oviparous, distinct pairing during breeding (Ref. 205).
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Breder, C.M. and D.E. Rosen 1966 Modes of reproduction in fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Neptune City, New Jersey. 941 p. (Ref. 205)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=205&speccode=1256
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Molecular Biology and Genetics
Molecular Biology
Barcode data: Bodianus bimaculatus
The following is a representative barcode sequence, the centroid of all available sequences for this species.
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
No available public DNA sequences.
Download FASTA File
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Statistics of barcoding coverage: Bodianus bimaculatus
Barcode of Life Data Systems (BOLDS) Stats
Public Records: 3
Specimens with Barcodes: 5
Species With Barcodes: 1
Public Records: 3
Specimens with Barcodes: 5
Species With Barcodes: 1
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Conservation
Conservation Status
IUCN Red List Assessment
Red List Category
LC
Least Concern
Red List Criteria
Version
3.1
Year Assessed
2010
Assessor/s
Russell, B. & Myers, R.
Reviewer/s
Sadovy, Y. & Carpenter, K.E.
Contributor/s
Justification
Little is known about the population and life history characteristics of this species. It has a very widespread distribution in the Indo-West Pacific. It is moderately small and is sought by aquarium fish collectors, but there is no available catch data. It is listed as Least Concern.
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Trends
Population
Population
Population Trend
There is no population information available for this species.
Population Trend
Unknown
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Threats
Least Concern (LC)
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IUCN 2006 2006 IUCN red list of threatened species. www.iucnredlist.org. Downloaded July 2006.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=57073
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Major Threats
There are no major threats known for this species. There is a potential threat from degradation of coral reefs.
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Management
Conservation Actions
Conservation Actions
There are no specific conservation measures in place for this species. Its distribution overlaps several marine protected areas within its range.
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Relevance to Humans and Ecosystems
Benefits
Importance
aquarium: commercial
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Burgess, W.E., H.R. Axelrod and R.E. Hunziker III 1990 Dr. Burgess's atlas of marine aquarium fishes. T.F.H. Publications, Inc., Neptune City, New Jersey. 768 p.
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=9210
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Wikipedia
Bodianus bimaculatus
Bodianus bimaculatus, or twospot hogfish, is a Hogfish from the Indo-Pacific. It occasionally makes its way into the aquarium trade. It grows to a size of 10 cm in length.
References
- Froese, Rainer, and Daniel Pauly, eds. (2008). "Bodianus bimaculatus" in FishBase. December 2008 version.
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