Reef-associated; brackish; marine. Depth range: 10-80 m. Found on the continental and insular shelves, on inshore and coastal areas, over mud and sand bottoms, also on coral reefs. Often occurs in shallow water including estuaries, shallow bays and over coral reefs.
- Bigelow, H. B. and Schroeder, W. C.,1953; Compagno, L. J. V., 1984; Frimodt, C., 1995.
