L. neglectus is unicolonial and polygynous. In this species, no mating flight seems to occur. Gynes probably mate inside the nest and most often disperse by budding, although independent colony founding has been observed in the laboratory. Interestingly, L. neglectus gynes have a physiological status intermediary between dependent and independent colony founding ants. This intermediary state could thus allow this ant to have a large number of possibilities for colony founding.