N=92 herbovire associations with P. crassinervium as of 2012.

Geometridae: Eois encina (Dognin); N=47, Eois fucosa (Dognin); N=1, Eois olivacea (Felder & Rogenhofer); N=16.

Lepidoptera herbivores reared in Napo Province, Ecuador (Yanayacu Biological Station and Center for Creative Studies).