Biology
Inhabits sandy or muddy floors of shallow inlet waters. Usually in large schools among branching corals, seawhip gardens and black coral bushes to about 15 m depth. Small juveniles in surface waters and sometimes in small groups along beach edges in quite bays and settle with crinoids or urchins (Ref. 48635). Usually processed into fishmeal (Ref. 2858).
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Masuda, H., K. Amaoka, C. Araga, T. Uyeno and T. Yoshino 1984 The fishes of the Japanese Archipelago. Vol. 1. Tokai University Press, Tokyo, Japan. 437 p. (text). (Ref. 559)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=559&speccode=7
