Thalassarche impavida breeds only on the northern and western coastline of Campbell Island (111 km²) and the tiny offshore islet, Jeanette Marie, New Zealand. The total population was estimated to be 19,000-26,000 breeding pairs¹⁴, with the most recent censuses in 1995-1997 giving an estimate of 24,600 pairs¹⁷. Numbers decreased steeply between the 1970s and 1980s: one colony declined at a rate of 5.9% per year between 1966 and 1981, and 10.5% per year between 1981 and 1984. However, numbers have been either stable or increasing slightly since 1984⁹,with a 1.8% increase recorded in selected colonies between 1992 and 1997¹⁷. Its non-breeding range is confined to southern Australian waters, the Tasman Sea and the south Pacific Ocean^1,10. Breeding adults forage from South Island, New Zealand, and Chatham Rise southwards to the Ross Sea^11,16.