Hippocampus camelopardalis is caught for traditional medicines, curiosities, and aquaria in Tanzania, but not elsewhere in its range (J. McPherson, unpublished data). A few traders interviewed during trade surveys conducted by Project Seahorse between 2000–2001 noticed local declines in seahorse populations over the last 10–30 years, but most had noticed no change (J. McPherson, unpublished data). The authors conclude that the trade: (1) probably poses no danger to seahorses in Kenya; (2) may be a cause for concern in Tanzania; and (3) is insufficiently known to draw conclusions in South Africa or Mozambique.