Harpia harpyja is sparsely distributed and generally rare throughout its extensive range in south Mexico, Guatemala, Belize (recently confirmed⁹), Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, Panama (including four birds introduced in 1998¹), Colombia, Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname, French Guiana (perhaps 200-400 pairs¹¹), Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Brazil, Paraguay and north-east Argentina (Misiones, but formerly Formosa, Salta and Jujuy^4,5) ¹³. It is thought to be locally or regionally extinct in large parts of its former range, notably most of central and north Central America and possibly Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil^2,3, but recent records suggest that the population in the southern Atlantic forests may be migratory⁶.