BREEDING: Male breeding-season home ranges varied from 0.5-2.3 hectares (mean 1.2 hectares) in Tennessee to 11.0-23.2 hectares (mean 18.8 hectares) in Ontario (Dow 1969).

Like most birds that have open cup nests, incurs a high rate of nest predation. In Ohio, nesting success rate was only 15% (Filliater et al. 1994).

NON-BREEDING: Winter home ranges in Kentucky averaged 21.2 hectares, although these may have been underestimated because of limited observation time (Ritchison and Omer 1990).