The USDA hardiness zones of white fir range from 3 to 7. It occurs at varied elevations, ranging from 900 m to over 3000 m. Annual precipitation varies among white fir sites from 350 mm to 1240 mm. White fir tends to occupy more mesic sites at lower elevations and more xeric sites at upper elevations. It grows on acidic soil, most types of parent material, and is tolerant of a wide range of soil conditions, nutrient availability, and pH. It grows best on moderately deep and well-drained sandy- or clay- loam soils. It is moderately sensitive to excess soil moisture and is less tolerant of shade compared to associated true firs. Dense shade will decrease the growth rate, but will not kill the tree.