Dorsal spines (total): 0; Anal spines: 0
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Bass, A.J. 1986 Lamnidae. p. 98-100. In M.M. Smith and P.C. Heemstra (eds.) Smiths' sea fishes. Springer-Verlag, Berlin. (Ref. 6581)
http://www.fishbase.org/references/FBRefSummary.php?id=6581&speccode=751
