Red knots in the western hemisphere complete one of the longest annual migrations in the avian world, breeding in the central Canadian Arctic and traveling southward to winter mainly in Brazil (Diaz et al. 2005; Niles et al.2008). During migration, birds may stopover in many locations, including California, the Gulf coasts of Texas and Florida, and along the Atlantic coast of the U.S. from Florida to Maine.Indian River Lagoon (India River Lagoon) Distribution: Wintering populations of red knots have been documented mostly from the northern India River Lagoon, including the Kennedy Space Center and the Merritt Island National Wildlife Refuge (NWR) (Niles et al. 2008). Birds are found on tidal flats in the lagoon and in the swash zone of sandy beaches exposed to the coastal waters of the adjacent Atlantic Ocean (e.g. Paulson 2005; Niles 2008).