Crassostrea virginica (family Ostreidae) is a prolific member of estuaries on the eastern coast of the Americas (Meyers and Townsend 2000, Wilson et al. 2005). The shell of the eastern oyster is thick, flattened, and highly variable in shape. It grows from round (irregular) to oval and usually bears concentric ridges. The exterior color of the shell is dirty white to gray while the interior is bright white with a deep purple or red-brown muscle scar (Kay 1979).C. virginica is a key structural component of estuaries (Berquist et al. 2006) playing a major role in the function of estuary ecosystems (Dame 1972). Large beds provide habitat for numerous fish and invertebrate species, reduce water turbidity through filter-feeding, and physically serve as filter removing large material from the water as it passes over the reef (Meyers and Townsend 2000, Berquist et al. 2006). The eastern oyster has been selected as a çnatural resource of ecological significanceç and methods for management are currently being developed (see the Introduction to Oyster Reefs for more information) (Wilson et al. 2005).
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- Dame RF. 1972. The ecological energies of growth, respiration, and assimilation in the intertidal American oyster Crassostrea virginica. Marine Biology 17:243-250.
- Grizzle RE, Adams JR, and LJ Walters. 2002. Historical changes in intertidal oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reefs in a Florida lagoon potentially related to boating activities. Journal of Shellfish Research 21:749-756.
- Kay EA. 1979. Hawaiian Marine Shells. Reef and Shore Fauna of Hawaii, Section 4: Mollusca. BP Bishop Museum Special Publication 64(4), 653 pp.
- Kruczynski W.L. 1973. Distribution and abundance of Pinnotheres maculates Say in Bogue Sound, North Carolina. Biological Bulletin 145:482-491.
- Meyer DL and EC Townsend. 2000. Faunal utilization of created intertidal eastern oyster (Crassostrea virginica) reefs in the southeastern United States. 23:34-45.
- Motes ML, DePaola A, Cook DW, Veazey JE, Hunsucker JC, Garthright WE, Blodgett RJ, and SJ.Chirtel. 1998. Influence of water temperature and salinity on Vibrio vulnificus in Northern Gulf and Atlantic coast oysters (Crassostrea virginica). Applied and Environmental Microbiology 64:1459-1465.
- Newell RIE and SJ Jordan. 1983. Preferential ingestion of organic material by the American oyster Crassostrea virginica. Marine Ecology Progress Series 13:47-53.
- Tamplin ML and GM Capers. 1992. Persistence of Vibrio vulnificus in tissues of Crassostrea virginica of gulf coast oysters, Crassostrea virginica, exposed to seawater disinfected with UV light. Applied and Environmental Microbiology 58:1506-1510.
- Wallace RK. 2001. Cultivating the Eastern oyster, Crassostrea virginica. Southern Regional Aquaculture Center Publication Number 432. pp. 4.
- Wilson C, Scotto L, Scarpa J, Volety A, Laramore S, and D Haunert. 2005. Survey of water quality, oyster reproduction and oyster health status in the St. Lucie Estuary. Journal of Shellfish Research 24:157-165.
