Known predators
Coleoptera is prey of:
Amia calva
Nematocera imagines
Passerina cyanea
Hylocichla mustelina
Geothlypis trichas
Picoides pubescens
Baeolophus bicolor
Vireo olivaceus
Melanerpes erythrocephalus
Hymenoptera
Sitta pygmaea
Dendroica coronata
Phrynosoma
Sialia
Junco hyemalis
Spizella passerina
Turdus migratorius
Leucosticte atrata
Anthus spinoletta
Eremophila alpestris
Scolopacidae
Araneae
Cicindelidae
Camponotus pennsylvanicus
Rodentia
Serpentes
Varanidae
Erinaceus europaeus
Vulpes vulpes
Calcarius mccownii
Calcarius ornatus
Spermophilus
Calamospiza melanocorys
Asilidae
Peromyscus maniculatus
Orthoptera
Athene cunicularia
Salvelinus fontinalis
Saurothera vieilloti
Otus nudipes
Amphisbaena caeca
Herpestes auropunctatus
Eleutherodactylus coqui
Eleutherodactylus richmondi
Eleutherodactylus portoricensis
Eleutherodactylus wightmanae
Eleutherodactylus eneidae
Eleutherodactylus hedricki
Melanerpes portoricensis
Todus mexicanus
Mimocichla plumbea
Margarops fuscatus
Anolis cuvieri
Anolis evermanni
Anolis stratulus
Anolis gundlachi
Myiarchus antillarum
Vireo latimeri
Nesospingus speculiferus
Icterus dominicensis
Vireo altiloquus
Seiurus aurocapillus
Seiurus motacilla
Sphaerodactylus klauberi
Sphaerodactylus macrolepis
Diploglossus pleei
Bufo marinus
Chlorostilbon maugeus
Anthracothorax viridis
Mniotilta varia
Parula americana
Dendroica caerulescens
Dendroica discolor
Setophaga ruticilla
Coereba flaveola
Loxigilla portoricensis
Typhlops rostellatus
Odonata
Gonatista grisea
Hemiptera
Coleoptera
Diptera
Eptesicus fuscus
Pteronotus parnelli
Spindalis zena
Falco sparverius
Tyrannus dominicensis
Elaenia
Dendroica petechia
Loxigilla noctis
Trochilidae
Anolis gingivinus
Anolis pogus
Chilopoda
Based on studies in:
USA: Florida, South Florida (Swamp)
Russia (Agricultural)
USA: Illinois (Forest)
USA: Arizona (Forest, Montane)
USA: Montana (Tundra)
India, Rajasthan Desert (Desert or dune)
USA: California, Cabrillo Point (Grassland)
Puerto Rico, El Verde (Rainforest)
USA: Alaska (Tundra)
Canada: Ontario, Mad River (River)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
Amia calva
Nematocera imagines
Passerina cyanea
Hylocichla mustelina
Geothlypis trichas
Picoides pubescens
Baeolophus bicolor
Vireo olivaceus
Melanerpes erythrocephalus
Hymenoptera
Sitta pygmaea
Dendroica coronata
Phrynosoma
Sialia
Junco hyemalis
Spizella passerina
Turdus migratorius
Leucosticte atrata
Anthus spinoletta
Eremophila alpestris
Scolopacidae
Araneae
Cicindelidae
Camponotus pennsylvanicus
Rodentia
Serpentes
Varanidae
Erinaceus europaeus
Vulpes vulpes
Calcarius mccownii
Calcarius ornatus
Spermophilus
Calamospiza melanocorys
Asilidae
Peromyscus maniculatus
Orthoptera
Athene cunicularia
Salvelinus fontinalis
Saurothera vieilloti
Otus nudipes
Amphisbaena caeca
Herpestes auropunctatus
Eleutherodactylus coqui
Eleutherodactylus richmondi
Eleutherodactylus portoricensis
Eleutherodactylus wightmanae
Eleutherodactylus eneidae
Eleutherodactylus hedricki
Melanerpes portoricensis
Todus mexicanus
Mimocichla plumbea
Margarops fuscatus
Anolis cuvieri
Anolis evermanni
Anolis stratulus
Anolis gundlachi
Myiarchus antillarum
Vireo latimeri
Nesospingus speculiferus
Icterus dominicensis
Vireo altiloquus
Seiurus aurocapillus
Seiurus motacilla
Sphaerodactylus klauberi
Sphaerodactylus macrolepis
Diploglossus pleei
Bufo marinus
Chlorostilbon maugeus
Anthracothorax viridis
Mniotilta varia
Parula americana
Dendroica caerulescens
Dendroica discolor
Setophaga ruticilla
Coereba flaveola
Loxigilla portoricensis
Typhlops rostellatus
Odonata
Gonatista grisea
Hemiptera
Coleoptera
Diptera
Eptesicus fuscus
Pteronotus parnelli
Spindalis zena
Falco sparverius
Tyrannus dominicensis
Elaenia
Dendroica petechia
Loxigilla noctis
Trochilidae
Anolis gingivinus
Anolis pogus
Chilopoda
Based on studies in:
USA: Florida, South Florida (Swamp)
Russia (Agricultural)
USA: Illinois (Forest)
USA: Arizona (Forest, Montane)
USA: Montana (Tundra)
India, Rajasthan Desert (Desert or dune)
USA: California, Cabrillo Point (Grassland)
Puerto Rico, El Verde (Rainforest)
USA: Alaska (Tundra)
Canada: Ontario, Mad River (River)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- L. D. Harris and G. B. Bowman, Vertebrate predator subsystem. In: Grasslands, Systems Analysis and Man, A. I. Breymeyer and G. M. Van Dyne, Eds. (International Biological Programme Series, no. 19, Cambridge Univ. Press, Cambridge, England, 1980), pp. 591-
- N. N. Smirnov, Food cycles in sphagnous bogs, Hydrobiologia 17:175-182, from p. 179 (1961).
- A. C. Twomey, The bird population of an elm-maple forest with special reference to aspection, territorialism, and coactions, Ecol. Monogr. 15(2):175-205, from p. 202 (1945).
- D. I. Rasmussen, Biotic communities of Kaibab Plateau, Arizona, Ecol. Monogr. 11(3):228-275, from p. 261 (1941).
- J. Brown, Ecological investigations of the Tundra biome in the Prudhoe Bay Region, Alaska, Special Report, no. 2, Biol. Pap. Univ. Alaska (1975), from p. xiv.
- W. E. Ricker, 1934. An ecological classification of certain Ontario streams. Univ. Toronto Studies, Biol. Serv. 37, Publ. Ontario Fish. Res. Lab. 49:7-114, from pp. 78, 89.
- L. D. Harris and L. Paur, A quantitative food web analysis of a shortgrass community, Technical Report No. 154, Grassland Biome. U.S. International Biological Program (1972), from p. 17.
- D. L. Pattie and N. A. M. Verbeek, Alpine birds of the Beartooth Mountains, Condor 68:167-176 (1966); Alpine mammals of the Beartooth Mountains, Northwest Sci. 41(3):110-117 (1967).
- I. K. Sharma, A study of ecosystems of the Indian desert, Trans. Indian Soc. Desert Technol. and Univ. Center Desert Stud. 5(2):51-55, from p. 52 and A study of agro-ecosystems in the Indian desert, ibid. 5:77-82, from p. 79 1980).
- Waide RB, Reagan WB (eds) (1996) The food web of a tropical rainforest. University of Chicago Press, Chicago
