Known predators
Scombridae is prey of:
Homo sapiens
Chondrichthyes
Scombridae
Aves
Istiophoridae
Phocidae
Phocoenidae
Xiphias
Based on studies in:
USA: Rhode Island (Coastal)
USA, Northeastern US contintental shelf (Coastal)
South Africa, Southwest coast (Marine)
Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico-Virgin Islands shelf (Reef)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
Homo sapiens
Chondrichthyes
Scombridae
Aves
Istiophoridae
Phocidae
Phocoenidae
Xiphias
Based on studies in:
USA: Rhode Island (Coastal)
USA, Northeastern US contintental shelf (Coastal)
South Africa, Southwest coast (Marine)
Puerto Rico, Puerto Rico-Virgin Islands shelf (Reef)
This list may not be complete but is based on published studies.
- J. N. Kremer and S. W. Nixon, A Coastal Marine Ecosystem: Simulation and Analysis, Vol. 24 of Ecol. Studies (Springer-Verlag, Berlin, 1978), from p. 12.
- Link J (2002) Does food web theory work for marine ecosystems? Mar Ecol Prog Ser 230:19
- Opitz S (1996) Trophic interactions in Caribbean coral reefs. ICLARM Tech Rep 43, Manila, Philippines
- Myers, P., R. Espinosa, C. S. Parr, T. Jones, G. S. Hammond, and T. A. Dewey. 2006. The Animal Diversity Web (online). Accessed February 16, 2011 at http://animaldiversity.org. http://www.animaldiversity.org
- Yodzis P (2000) Diffuse effects in food webs. Ecology 81:261266
